Author(s): Mirjam Hauck
Year of publication: 2019
Keywords: Telecollaboration, Virtual exchange, Digital literacy skills, Teacher education, Competence development
Methodology/Sample: Task design/Over 1,000 student teachers
Reference: Hauck, M. (2019). Virtual exchange for (critical) digital literacy skills development. European Journal of Language Policy, 11(2), 187-211. https://doi.org/10.3828/ejlp.2019.12
Abstract
This article examines the ways in which transcultural and digital literacy skills may be enhanced by telecollaboration, a model of virtual exchange (VE). After an overview of the literature on telecollaboration in language teacher education with a focus on digital literacy, it considers the potential of critical digital literacy development through VE. In particular, it argues for the relevance of critical digital literacy in relation to the characteristics of the twenty-first-century graduate, and the potential of the telecollaborative model of VE to develop skills to this effect in language teachers and subsequently their students. The EVALUATE project is presented, including its rationale and the methods used for data gathering and analysis, followed by the presentation and discussion of the main project findings in terms of the participants’ digital pedagogical competence development and evidence of emerging critical digital literacy. Finally, it offers some concluding remarks and points at gaps that remain to be addressed, if we want to draw maximum benefit from VE for promoting a critical and informed approach to the use of technologies first in language teachers and teacher trainees and thereafter also in their students.
> Summary
- The paper examines how telecollaboration enhances transcultural and digital literacy skills in language teacher education.
- It emphasizes the importance of critical digital literacy for twenty-first-century graduates.
- The EVALUATE project is discussed, highlighting participants’ development of digital pedagogical competence.
- The paper identifies gaps in maximizing the benefits of virtual exchange for language teachers and trainees.
> Problem statement
- The paper discusses the challenges of developing critical digital literacy through virtual exchanges (VEs) in teacher education.
- It highlights barriers such as varying task-orientation among participants affecting engagement.
- The need for a comprehensive approach that includes sociopolitical aspects of digital literacies is emphasized.
- The research focuses on the interrelationship between technology use and competence development in a digitalized world.
- It identifies the lack of familiarity with technology as a significant challenge for participants.
> Methods used
- The study employed a mixed methods design with experimental and control groups to gather data.
- A shortened 17-item questionnaire based on TPACK was used to measure digital competence development.
- A Likert scale from 1 to 5 was utilized for responses to the questionnaire items.
- Qualitative data were collected through reflective diaries, chat transcripts, and participant interviews for deeper insights.
- The TPACK instrument was applied in a pre-post manner to assess growth in digital competences.
- The research also focused on task design to promote critical digital literacy skills in participants.
- The study analyzed both qualitative and quantitative results to evaluate the effectiveness of telecollaboration.
> Practical implications
- The paper emphasizes the need for critical digital literacy in teacher education to enhance transcultural skills through virtual exchange (VE).
- It suggests that task design in VE should incorporate sociopolitical contexts to foster deeper learning experiences.
- The findings indicate that educators must develop critical thinking alongside media literacy to support young learners effectively.
- The EVALUATE project provides insights for ministries and schools to plan education programs that integrate technology meaningfully.
- The research advocates for a broader scope of symbolic inquiry to prepare participants for future language and literacy practices.

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