A review of perspectives and challenges for international development in information and communications technologies

Author(s): Jose Abdelnour-Nocera, Melissa Densmore

Year of publication: 2017

Keywords: ICTD, ICT4D, HCI4D, PD4D, Design, Development, HCI

Methodology/Sample: _/_

Reference: Abdelnour-Nocera, J., & Densmore, M. (2017). A review of perspectives and challenges for International Development in Information and Communication Technologies. Communication Yearbook, 41(3–4), 250–257. https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.2017.1392252

Abstract

We provide an overview of the field of information and communication technologies for development (ICTD). This field is concerned with how information and communication technologies can be used to support poor and marginalized people in social, political and economic spheres. Through referring to seminal authors in ICT4D and its sub-fields, human–computer interaction for development (HCI4D) and participatory design for development (PD4D), we articulate the main themes, debates and challenges presented in this field. We conclude by arguing that communication challenges must be solved before technological ones: impact and success in ICT4D rely first and foremost on having a common and mutual understanding of needs, values and perspectives, which will determine whether and which technologies are needed.

> Summary

  • The paper reviews the field of information and communication technologies for development (ICTD), emphasizing the importance of understanding the needs and perspectives of marginalized communities before implementing technological solutions.
  • It highlights the significance of human-computer interaction for development (HCI4D) and participatory design for development (PD4D) in creating effective ICT4D interventions.
  • The authors argue that successful ICT4D relies on mutual understanding and local knowledge, rather than solely on technology.
  • The paper also discusses ethical considerations and the need for equality in partnerships between researchers and communities.

> Problem statement

  • The paper discusses challenges in applying participatory design (PD) in developing contexts, including power relations and cultural barriers.
  • It critiques interventionist approaches in ICT4D, highlighting power dynamics and conflicting agendas.
  • The paper emphasizes the need for a mutual understanding of needs and values before addressing technological solutions in ICT4D.
  • It identifies failures in ICT4D projects, particularly those that do not consider local cultures and contexts.
  • The paper argues for incorporating indigenous perspectives in design processes to address cultural differences.

> Methods used

  • The paper discusses participatory design (PD) methodologies, including card sorting with community members and persona creation by youth.
  • Co-design was applied to integrate the Oroo’ visual language into a mobile messaging system.
  • The research emphasizes collaboration between elderly and youth to enhance technology familiarity and language preservation.
  • The paper highlights the importance of understanding human dimensions in ICT4D through HCI research and methodologies.
  • It also addresses the need for holistic approaches in assessing technology’s impact on development.
  • The authors reference postcolonial perspectives in ubiquitous computing as a methodological approach.
  • Overall, the paper articulates themes and challenges in ICT4D and its sub-fields, including HCI4D and PD4D.

> Practical implications

  • The paper emphasizes the need for a holistic approach in assessing ICT4D impacts beyond material indicators, considering social and cultural factors.
  • It highlights the importance of understanding local contexts and cultural realities in technology integration for effective ICT4D initiatives.
  • The findings suggest that successful ICT4D projects should be developed ‘with’ communities rather than ‘for’ them, promoting co-creation.
  • The paper advocates for addressing communication challenges before technological ones to ensure mutual understanding of needs and values.
  • It calls for incorporating indigenous perspectives in participatory design to enhance stakeholder engagement in ICT4D projects.

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