Acts of distinction at times of crisis: an epistemological challenge to intercultural communication research | Culture and communication in digital worlds

Author(s): Zhu Hua, Rodney H. Jones, Sylvia Jaworska

Year of publication: 2022

Keywords: Acts of distinction, Symbolic power, Symbolic violence, Cultural differences, Domination

Methodology/Sample: _/_

Reference: Hua, Z., Jones, R. H., & Jaworska, S. (2022). Acts of distinction at times of crisis: an epistemological challenge to intercultural communication research. Language and Intercultural Communication, 22(3), 312–323. https://doi.org/10.1080/14708477.2021.2024563

Abstract

In this article, we reflect on the epistemological frameworks and priorities of intercultural communication research regarding ‘cultural differences’. With the current challenge posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, along with the growing political and social polarisation in recent years, we argue for a need to (re)focus attention to the ways acts of distinction (i. e., the explicit marking and accentuating of cultural differences) function in everyday encounters. The notion of acts of distinction, supported with principles from interactional sociolinguistics and moment analysis, can further our understanding of the dynamics of domination and the symbolic dimensions of group formation.

> Summary

The paper critiques shifts in epistemological frameworks regarding ‘cultural differences’ in intercultural communication research.
It emphasizes the importance of ‘acts of distinction’ in managing social identities and interactions.
The authors argue for a focus on how cultural differences are marked and accentuated in everyday encounters.
The study draws on the experiences of Chinese international students during the COVID-19 pandemic to illustrate these concepts.
It highlights the dynamic and strategic nature of cultural identities in the context of increasing social and political polarization.

> Problem statement

The paper critiques shifts in understanding ‘cultural differences’ in intercultural communication research amid the COVID-19 pandemic and rising polarisation.
It emphasizes the need to focus on how acts of distinction function in everyday encounters.
The authors argue that understanding lived experiences with cultural differences can illuminate issues of discrimination and social identity management.
The rise of discrimination against Chinese individuals during the pandemic exemplifies the problem of cultural distinctions being used negatively.
The paper highlights the importance of recognizing difference as a site for authentic exchange rather than a basis for division.

> Methods used

The study employed qualitative methods, including one-on-one and group online interviews.
Participant-researchers maintained diaries documenting their everyday experiences during the pandemic.
Visual data was collected to illustrate participants’ experiences throughout the pandemic.
Media texts related to the pandemic were gathered by participants for analysis.
The research followed a community-based participatory framework, engaging participants in data collection and analysis.

> Practical implications

The paper emphasizes the need to understand how acts of distinction influence cultural differences in everyday interactions.
It highlights the importance of recognizing cultural differences to combat discrimination and tribalism.
The research suggests that understanding these dynamics can help manage communication in multicultural contexts.
It calls for a focus on how individuals strategically use cultural notions to navigate social challenges.
The findings can inform policies aimed at fostering intercultural understanding during crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.